The paint is red, green, and black.

Worn during the winter ceremonial dances that accompany a potlatch feast, this mask represents the prestigious inherited privilege of a high-ranking individual. The layers of commercial paint reveal that this mask was repainted at a later date, perhaps to refurbish it when passed to a new owner, a hamat’sa society initiate dancer. Masks such as this one are still carved and worn in dances by Kwakwaka’wakw artists and inheritors of this privilege. Ironically, at the time of its creation, First Nations’ ceremonial practices, including the dancing and display of this headdress, were illegal under Canadian law. The artists working during those arduous years of forced assimilation and oppression are celebrated for carrying on traditions that continue in practice today.

Museum Purchase: Indian Collection Subscription Fund, Rasmussen Collection of Northwest Coast Indian Art.

The paint is red, black, and white.

Gift of the Ernest Erickson Foundation, Inc.

Museum Expedition 1903, Museum Collection Fund

HAIDA DANCE FOR TOTEMS TO TURQUOISE (AMNH, NEW YORK, NY, USA, 2004)

The paint is red.

The nail is copper ore. The cloth is red. The string is black.