FROM CARD: "60136-40. [From 19th or early 20th century exhibit] LABEL: "HORN SPOONS. BOWLS, MADE FROM THE HORN OF THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN SHEEP. IN SOME EXAMPLES THE HANDLES ARE MADE FROM THE HORN OF THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN GOAT. IN SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA, IN CANADA, AND THROUGHOUT THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION OF THE UNITED STATES, THE HORN OF THE MOUNTAIN SHEEP IS USED IN MAKING DOMESTIC UTENSILS. THE HORN OF THE GOAT ALSO LENDS ITSELF TO THE CARVER'S ART, AND BY THE TLINGIT INDIANS IS CARVED AND ENGRAVED TO REPRESENT TOTEMIC IDEAS."

FROM CARD: "PEOPLE: HANNEGAN INDS. REMARKS: ILLUS. IN USNM AR, 1888; PL. 24, FIG. 101; P. 278. *HANNEGAN INDIANS. KLAWARK VILLAGE, PRINCE WALES IS. (HENYA TLINGIT). ALT SPELLING: HANEGA. HANNEGAS. SEE HODGE, HANDBOOK OF AMERICAN INDIANS." FROM OLD 19TH OR EARLY 20TH CENTURY EXHIBIT LABEL WITH CARD: "CARVING TOOL AND SHEATH.---LONG CURVED HANDLE OF WALRUS IVORY. BLADE OF IRON RIVETED TO THE HANDLE. SHEATH OF LEATHER. LENGTH, 17 1/2 INCHES; WIDTH, 1 3/4 INCHES. ESKIMO [sic] OF PRINCE OF WALES ISLAND, ALASKA. 20,831. COLLECTED BY JAMES G. SWAN."Anthropology catalogue ledger book identifies Catalogue #s E20827 and E20911 as Swan original # 61. List in accession file identifies # 61 as "1 box containing complete outfit of an Indian medicine man, Hannegan Indians, Klawark village, P. of Wales Island, Alaska." Catalogue Nos. E20828 - 38 may be related objects?

FROM CARDS: "COPY SENT REV. F.W. GALPIN, HARLOW, ENG. NOV. 1902. COPY SENT MRS. J. CROSBY BROWN, 11-25-1902. SEE USNM AR 1888, PL. 62, FIG. 334, P. 330 NIBLACK. ILLUS. IN USNM AR 1895, FIG. 205, P. 654, AND IN USNM BULL 136, PL. 14-H, P. 127. SEE OLD PRINT #9995 FOR FORMER APPEARANCE ILLUS. METHOD OF BINDING (SPRUCE ROOT BARK?). MADE IN TWO LONGITUDINAL SECTIONS TIED TOGETHER AT THE EDGES. DESIGN: A HUMAN HEAD NOT SO THICK FROM FRONT TO BACK AS WIDE. THE NECK REDUCED TO A MOUTH PIECE. THE OPEN MOUTH OF THE DESIGN FORMS THE SOUND OF THE WHISTLE. IT HAS ONE FINGER HOLE IN THE FOREHEAD. 'A LARGE WHISTLE USED TO ANNOUNCE THE COMMENCEMENT OF A FESTIVAL. VERY HIGHLY PRIZED. THE NAME IS OOLALLA SPAPOKWILLA, OR OOLALLA WHISTLE.'- SWAN'S DESC. CAT.. LOAN: R.H. LOWIE MUSEUM 12/31/1964, LOAN RETURNED FEB. 15, 1966. LOANED TO THE WHITNEY MUSEUM OF AMERICAN ART ON SEPTEMBER 10, 1971, RETURNED 2-9-1972." OVER THE YEARS WHISTLE 89062 HAS BEEN CONFUSED WITH WHISTLE 89063. THE WHISTLE NOW CALLED 89062 MATCHES THE LEDGER BOOK DRAWING FOR 89062 AND ALSO THE ILLUSTRATION IN NIBLACK. - F. PICKERING 6-9-1997

From card: "See also Cat. #89218 (Duplication). Carved by Skaowskeay, an Indian carver of Skidegate, B.C.. Legend - She being out gathering berries, the bears killed all but one whom the King of Bears took for his wife. She had a child by him, half bear and half human. At length the Indian hunters discovered the woman up a tree and thinking her a bear were about to kill her, but she made them understand she was human and they took her home, and this is the origin of all who belong to the Hoourts or Bear Totem. This remarkable carving takes its conception in the legend of the union between a bear and a woman. The carving shows the woman's agony on being suckled by her half human progeny. Illustrated in USNM AR, 1888, Pl. 47, fig. 263a; Pl. 49, fig. 263b; Pl. 50, fig. 263c, p. 322. Casts have been made of this specimen. Cast sent to Royal Zoological & Anthropological Museum, Dresden, Germany; March 22, 1905. 3/1951 apparently only one cast was left. Published originally as Pls. 49 & 50 in Niblack: "The Coastal Indians of Southern Alaska and N. British Columbia." See Swan's letter of Dec. 4, 1883 in Accession record in which he states that this object "was not finished when I got it but just roughed out and my [Haida] Indian assistant Johnny Kit Elswa finished it on the voyage from Skidegate ...". Illus.: Hndbk. N. Amer. Ind., Vol. 7, Northwest Coast, Fig. 2, pg. 595."Illus. Pl. 86, p. 113 and described p. 150 in Bear Mother chapter of Barbeau, Charles Marius. 1953. Haida myths illustrated in argillite carvings. [Ottawa]: Dept. of Resources and Development, National Parks Branch, National Museum of Canada. Motifs identified there as "Bear Mother under human form, a labret in her lower lip, and one of the Cubs also as a human, suckling ... at her breast, while she is in agony." Barbeau notes Swan's identification/transliteration of carver's name as "Skaowskeay" and says "Actually (according to Henry Young, a Skidegate craftsman, 75 years old in 1949) it is the work of David Shakespeare whose Haida name was Tsagay." An alternate transliteration Barbeau used for his name was Skaoskay.Listed on page 46 in "The Exhibits of the Smithsonian Institution at the Panama-Pacific International Exposition, San Francisco, California, 1915", in section "Arts of the Northwest Coast Tribes (Tools)".

Per Anthropology catalogue ledger book and Dall's field catalogue, filed under Accession No. 3258, entry under # 605, collector is [Captain] A. [Amos] T. Whitford and object is from Sitka Tlingit.

Listed on page 48 in "The Exhibits of the Smithsonian Institution at the Panama-Pacific International Exposition, San Francisco, California, 1915", in section "Arts of the Northwest Coast Tribes (Tools)".