Source of the information below: Inuvialuit Pitqusiit Inuuniarutait: Inuvialuit Living History, The MacFarlane Collection website, by the Inuvialuit Cultural Resource Centre (ICRC), Inuvik, N.W.T., Canada (website credits here http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/posts/12 ), entry on this artifact http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/items/159 , retrieved 1-27-2020: Lance holder for the deck of a kayak. It consists of a two-part centre piece made from whale bone that is hinged at the centre, allowing it to fit against the inverted 'V' shape of the deck of a kayak. The hinge has been created by joining the two parts with a hide thong that passes through a hole drilled through each piece at the joined ends. Smaller pieces made from bone or antler are attached at each end with two iron rivets. The faces of the centre and end pieces are cut aslant where they join so that the end pieces extend inwards and upwards at a shallow angle. A piece of hide connects the inner part of the end pieces to the centre piece by passing through holes drilled in each piece, and then wrapping around itself. A hole drilled through the joints at each end would have been used for mounting the holder to the kayak. The upper edges of the centre pieces have five V-shaped projections, and engraved into one face are a series of parallel and zigzaging lines. More information here: http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/item_types/33: Holders and rests were lashed to the decks of kayaks forward of the cockpit to keep lances and harpoons secure but ready when needed. Lance holders, such as the one illustrated here, were attached close to the bow. The tip of a lance or harpoon would be inserted into one of the triangular openings, and the opposite end of the shaft would sit against a rest that was fastened to the kayak deck close to the cockpit.

Source of the information below: Inuvialuit Pitqusiit Inuuniarutait: Inuvialuit Living History, The MacFarlane Collection website, by the Inuvialuit Cultural Resource Centre (ICRC), Inuvik, N.W.T., Canada (website credits here http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/posts/12 ), entry on this artifact http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/items/200 , retrieved 1-3-2020: Crooked knife with an iron blade attached to an antler handle with two iron rivets. One face of the handle where it is joined to the blade is curved and has an indentation to provide a grip for the thumb when held in the right hand. The handle is decorated on the same face with two parallel incised lines that follow the bottom edge of the handle. The bottom edge of the handle has a series of indentations to improve the grip. Two holes have been drilled though the handle, possibly for attaching a thong for hanging this tool. The surface of the iron plade shows remnants of cross-hatching typical of the surfaces of files, and it is likely that the blade had been made from a file. More information here: http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/item_types/18: Crooked knives were used for shaping wood, bone and antler. The Inuvialuit style of crooked knife has a small blade attached near the end of a curved handle. The knife is held with the fingers of one hand on the underside of the handle, and the thumb positioned on top of the blade in an indentation in the handle. The craftsman rests the underside of the blade against the object being worked, and draws the knife towards the body while using the thumb on the hand holding the tool to check the depth of the cut.

Source of the information below: Inuvialuit Pitqusiit Inuuniarutait: Inuvialuit Living History, The MacFarlane Collection website, by the Inuvialuit Cultural Resource Centre (ICRC), Inuvik, N.W.T., Canada (website credits here http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/posts/12 ), entry on this artifact http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/items/157 , retrieved 1-13-2020: Three fish lures with lines attached. The shanks of the lures are made from antler. Two have iron hooks and one has a hook made of copper. Each has a baleen line attached to holes drilled through the narrow end of its shank, and shallow holes for decorative insets drilled into faces and edges for decorative insets. The insets that are still in place are all pieces of copper. More information here: http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/item_types/21: Fishing tackle was used for catching fish in rivers and streams during the open water season, and for jigging through holes chiseled through ice in winter and spring. Fishing tackle in the MacFarlane Collection includes fishing rods (iqaluksiun) with lines (ipiutaq) made from baleen, and bone and antler lures (niksik) with iron hooks. Less commonly, fishhooks were made from wood.

From card: "Deer skin."Source of the information below: Inuvialuit Pitqusiit Inuuniarutait: Inuvialuit Living History, The MacFarlane Collection website, by the Inuvialuit Cultural Resource Centre (ICRC), Inuvik, N.W.T., Canada (website credits here http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/posts/12 ), entry on this artifact http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/items/156 , retrieved 12-19-2019: Tent model; object is not further analyzed or described on the site. More general information here: http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/item_types/55: The MacFarlane collection includes models of tents with wooden tent poles and caribou skin covers. Poles of full-size tents were typically about 4 metres in length, and were fastened together at the top and spread out to form a cone. Caribou skins were usually used as tent cover. Tents were used for shelter in summer, and were attached to the entrances of winter sod house dwellings and used for cooking over open fires.

From card: "Goose Lassoes."Source of the information below: Inuvialuit Pitqusiit Inuuniarutait: Inuvialuit Living History, The MacFarlane Collection website, by the Inuvialuit Cultural Resource Centre (ICRC), Inuvik, N.W.T., Canada (website credits here http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/posts/12 ), entry on this artifact http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/items/155 , retrieved 2-6-2020: Bolas with five weights made from moose antler attached to braided sinew cords. Each of the weights has a drilled hole for attaching to a sinew cord. The cords have been joined by braiding them together. Several feathers are attached to the end that is held in the hand. More information here: http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/item_types/68: The bolas is a throwing implement made of several interconnected and weighted cords. It is used by twirling the weighted cords, and then casting them at low-flying birds, entangling the birds in the cords.

Source of the information below: Inuvialuit Pitqusiit Inuuniarutait: Inuvialuit Living History, The MacFarlane Collection website, by the Inuvialuit Cultural Resource Centre (ICRC), Inuvik, N.W.T., Canada (website credits here http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/posts/12 ), entry on this artifact http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/items/154 , retrieved 12-30-2019: A belt fastener made from a rectangular piece of ivory. Fifteen small beads are inlaid in one face. A metal eyelet attached to the other side, where it is held in place with a metal pin that runs sideways through the fastener, would have been used to attach the fastener to a belt.

Source of the information below: Inuvialuit Pitqusiit Inuuniarutait: Inuvialuit Living History, The MacFarlane Collection website, by the Inuvialuit Cultural Resource Centre (ICRC), Inuvik, N.W.T., Canada (website credits here http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/posts/12 ), entry on this artifact http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/items/153 , retrieved 2-10-2020: A pair of boots made with caribou leg skins and caribou skin soles. A pointed vamp of dehaired sealskin joins the upper foot to the leg section. Numerous small skin tags run down the leg seams on both sides of the shins. More information here: http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/item_types/23: Warm, dry footwear is essential for survival in the Arctic. The MacFarlane Collection includes examples of knee-length boots known as kamaks, and ankle high moccasin-type footwear. These garments have been skillfully made, and often were decorated by piecing together contrasting pieces of skin. The soles are crimped along the front edges to make the shape conform to the foot.

Description under remarks section of catalogue card for 7731-7732, actually applies only to 7732. 7731 is a small fur hood, the object described on the catalogue card as a "head covering (capuchin)."Source of the information below: Inuvialuit Pitqusiit Inuuniarutait: Inuvialuit Living History, The MacFarlane Collection website, by the Inuvialuit Cultural Resource Centre (ICRC), Inuvik, N.W.T., Canada (website credits here http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/posts/12 ), entry on this artifact http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/items/152 , retrieved 2-10-2020: Child's caribou skin pullover hood or cap. The back of the hood is made using hide from the head of a caribou calf, and a ruff of wolverine fur is sewn around the opening for the face. Pieces of dark and white bands of caribou skin surround the openings for the face and neck. A fringe of caribou skin strips surrounds the bottom of the hood. More information here: http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/item_types/15: Caps were used by themselves or under parka hoods to provide extra protection against the cold.

From card: "Bone fish spear."Source of the information below: Inuvialuit Pitqusiit Inuuniarutait: Inuvialuit Living History, The MacFarlane Collection website, by the Inuvialuit Cultural Resource Centre (ICRC), Inuvik, N.W.T., Canada (website credits here http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/posts/12 ), entry on this artifact http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/items/151 , retrieved 1-27-2020: Arrowhead made from bone. It is self-pointed with barbs along one edge and has a conical tang. A line has been incised on either side of the barbs. The Smithsonian Instutiton catalogue identifies this as a tip for a fish spear; however, it is similar in size and shape to arrowheads on arrows in the MacFarlane Collection. More information here: http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/item_types/4: Complete arrows as well as separate arrowheads are present in the MacFarlane Collection. The arrow shafts are made from a single piece of spruce, and typically are 60 to 70 cm. long. Most have been stained with red ochre. The shafts are round in cross section, except near the notch for the bowstring where they are slightly flattened to provide a better grip for the fingers. Fleching consists of two split and trimmed feathers attached with sinew lashing. Several types of arrowheads were used, depending on the game that was hunted. Some of the ochre markings on arrow shafts may have been owner's marks, and some arrowheads are likewise marked with notches and incised lines that might have been used to identify their owner. Community Interpretations Darrel Nasogaluak: Arrowheads were meant to come off the shaft after an animal was struck. My grandfather Edgar Kotokak told me that barbs were cut into only one edge so that the head moved around inside the wound as the animal moved, increasing the chance of killing it.

FROM 19TH OR EARLY 20TH CENTURY EXHIBIT LABEL WITH CARD: "ADZE.-BLADE OF IRON LASHED TO A WOODEN HANDLE WITH A THONG EXTENDING OVER THE UPPER PORTION OF THE BLADE AND THROUGH A HOLE PIERCED IN THE HANDLE. LENGTH OF HANDLE, 11 INCHES; LENGTH OF BLADE, 5 3/4 INCHES. ESKIMO OF MACKENZIE RIVER, ALASKA, 1869. 5,126. COLLECTED BY R. MACFARLANE."Source of the information below: Inuvialuit Pitqusiit Inuuniarutait: Inuvialuit Living History, The MacFarlane Collection website, by the Inuvialuit Cultural Resource Centre (ICRC), Inuvik, N.W.T., Canada (website credits here http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/posts/12 ), entry on this artifact http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/items/150 , retrieved 1-17-2020: An adze with an iron blade attached to wood handle made of wood with a hide thong. The blade is made from an axe head of European origin that has been cut away along along both sides to make it narrower, and a groove has been cut into the upper surface and adjacent edges to hold the thong that secures the head to the handle. The handle has been skillfully shaped to provide a secure grip and balance. The end of the handle where it is attached to the blade has been cut aslant, and has a drilled hole through which the hide thong repeatedly passes. The thong lies in the groove on the head, which protected from wear it while the adze was in use. More information here: http://www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca/item_types/3: The short-handled adze was used for shaping large pieces of wood. The blades of traditional Inuvialuit adzes were made made from stone. When metal axe and hatchet blades became available through trade Inuvialuit used them to make adzes by hafting the blades sideways onto wood handles. The blade was bound to the handle using a thick hide thong that was put on when wet, and which shrank and became hard and tight when dry. Community Interpretations: Darrel Nasogaluak: You can tell if an adze was used by a right-handed or a left-handed person. If you place an adze on its head, with the sharp edge pointed toward you, the handle tilts to the right if it was made for a right-handed person and to the left if it was used by a lefty. The more a head was offset, the bigger the person who used it.